Was it ordained for Beltain, this offering of your perfect body to the Gods – propitiation, in hope of a rich harvest? (from Lindow Man by Gladys Mary Coles)* * G.M. Barley grains inside you and mistletoe pollen, surviving centuries, now witness to your druidic death. Celtic sacriﬁce, brought by barbarous rites to this ﬁnal nurture, your last meal the burnt bannock. Your unblemished body was well-fed, not scarred either by work or harp-strings. BL910.A43 2010 299′.16161-dc22 2009026499 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Includes bibliographical references and index. (Miranda Jane) Caesar’s Druids: story of an ancient priesthood/Miranda Aldhouse-Green. Ofﬁce: Europe Ofﬁce: sales Set in Minion and Arno by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Aldhouse-Green, Miranda J. For information about this and other Yale University Press publications, please contact: U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press) without written permission from the publishers. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Table of contents : Contents Figures Acknowledgements Preface CHAPTER 1 The Moon and the Mistletoe IN SEARCH OF ANCIENT DRUIDS CHAPTER 2 Noble Savages and Barbarous Enemies CHAPTER 3 Priests and Power CHAPTER 4 Blood, Thunder and Precious Gifts THE DRUIDS AND SACRIFICE CHAPTER 5 Druids, Oracles and Shamans CHAPTER 6 The Time Lords: Calendars, Festivals and Sacred Knowledge CHAPTER 7 Holy Ground SANCTUARIES AND SACRED LANDSCAPES CHAPTER 8 The Druids’ Toolkit REGALIA AND RITUAL EQUIPMENT CHAPTER 9 Druids and Doctrine EARTH, SPIRIT AND UNDERWORLD CHAPTER 10 Images and Tombs DRUIDS FACE TO FACE? CHAPTER 11 Gender Matters DRUIDS, DRUIDESSES AND GENDER-CROSSERS CHAPTER 12 Druids Underground REBELLION, RESISTANCE AND REVITALISATION IN THE WESTERN ROMAN PROVINCES Epilogue: Druid Afterlife Notes Bibliography Index Citation previewĢ993_Prelims.qxp 2/15/10 12:48 PM Page i CAESAR’S DRUIDS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 _Prelims.qxp 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41 42R 2/15/10 12:48 PM Page ii 2993_Prelims.qxp 2/15/10 12:48 PM Page iii CAESAR’S DRUIDS STORY OF AN ANCIENT PRIESTHOOD MIRANDA ALDHOUSE-GREEN YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW HAVEN AND LONDON 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 _Prelims.qxp 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41 42R 2/15/10 12:48 PM Page iv Copyright © 2010 Miranda Aldhouse-Green All rights reserved.

Druid glyph ancient